Política
Chance de adolescentes negros serem abordados pela polícia é maior, é o que acontece em todo País
O estudo foi feito na cidade de São Paulo entre os anos de 2016 a 2019 com 800 crianças e adolescentes
Crianças e adolescentes negros têm duas vezes mais chances de serem abordados pela polícia do que os brancos. A conclusão é de uma pesquisa do Núcleo de Estudos de Violência (NEV), da Universidade de São Paulo (USP).
O estudo foi feito na cidade de São Paulo entre os anos de 2016 a 2019 com 800 crianças e adolescentes de 120 escolas públicas e privadas. Um extenso questionário perguntando o contato das crianças e adolescentes com as polícias foi aplicado nesse período.
Para o pesquisador do NEV Renan Theodoro, o fato de crianças e adolescentes observarem desde cedo a abordagem violenta da Polícia Militar (PM) com viés racista pode deslegitimar a atuação de PMs perante a sociedade. “Quando eles percebem que a polícia é violenta no seu bairro, mesmo que seja para, supostamente, combater o crime, isso não melhora a legitimidade da polícia, pelo contrário”, aponta.
Ele acrescenta que, ao abordar alguém, a polícia passa uma mensagem para aquele cidadão.
Ainda de acordo com Renan, a questão do viés racista das polícias deve ser discutida e abordada nos cursos de formação dos agentes, e não invisibilizada ou negada pelas instituições militares. “Na formação das polícias, nas escolas, não se fala sobre discriminação racial a fundo ou, quando se fala a respeito, nega-se que isso existe: ‘Isso não existe, não é um problema, nós já resolvemos’”, critica.
Para o pesquisador, dados do NEV e de outras instituições têm demonstrado que o curso de formação das polícias é insuficiente para enfrentar esse problema. “Se há cursos de formação para as polícias, eles não estão funcionando. É preciso levar a sério e é preciso compreender isso como um problema institucional, não é problema individual de cada policial que está na rua.”
De acordo com o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, nenhuma pessoa menor de idade pode ser revistada pela polícia sem a presença do responsável ou de um conselheiro tutelar. E, mesmo que ela seja flagrada cometendo um ato infracional, deve ser encaminhada ao Conselho Tutelar, que fará a aplicação de medida protetiva.
Em nota, a Secretaria de Segurança Pública de São Paulo afirmou que a abordagem policial segue os parâmetros técnicos definidos por lei e que, ao longo dos anos, a PM tem buscado evoluir e se aprimorar de forma contínua.
A resposta diz ainda que, nas escolas de formação da PM, os agentes estudam ações antirracistas e que a PM tem participação acadêmica no grupo de trabalho Movimento Antirracista- Segurança do Futuro, coordenado pela Universidade Zumbi dos Palmares.
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